v$sqlarea,v$sql,v$sqltext这三个视图提供的sql语句有什么区别？

V$SQLAREA

V$SQLAREA lists statistics on shared SQL area and contains one row per SQL string. It provides statistics on SQL statements that are in memory, parsed, and ready for execution.

V$SQL

V$SQL lists statistics on shared SQL area without the GROUP BY clause and contains one row for each child of the original SQL text entered. Statistics displayed in V$SQL are normally updated at the end of query execution. However, for long running queries, they are updated every 5 seconds. This makes it easy to see the impact of long running SQL statements while they are still in progress.

V$SQLTEXT

This view contains the text of SQL statements belonging to shared SQL cursors in the SGA.

v$sqltext
存储的是完整的SQL,SQL被分割

SQL> desc v$sqltext
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ADDRESS RAW(4) ---------
HASH_VALUE NUMBER --------- 和 address 一起唯一标志一条sql
COMMAND_TYPE NUMBER
PIECE NUMBER ---------- 分片之后的顺序编号
SQL_TEXT VARCHAR2(64) -------------- 注意长度



v$sqlarea --------- 存储的SQL 和一些相关的信息，比如累计的执行次数，逻辑读，物理读等统计信息
SQL> desc v$sqlarea
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
SQL_TEXT VARCHAR2(1000)
SHARABLE_MEM NUMBER
PERSISTENT_MEM NUMBER
RUNTIME_MEM NUMBER
SORTS NUMBER
VERSION_COUNT NUMBER
LOADED_VERSIONS NUMBER
OPEN_VERSIONS NUMBER
USERS_OPENING NUMBER
FETCHES NUMBER
EXECUTIONS NUMBER
USERS_EXECUTING NUMBER
LOADS NUMBER
FIRST_LOAD_TIME VARCHAR2(38)
INVALIDATIONS NUMBER
PARSE_CALLS NUMBER
DISK_READS NUMBER
BUFFER_GETS NUMBER
ROWS_PROCESSED NUMBER
COMMAND_TYPE NUMBER
OPTIMIZER_MODE VARCHAR2(25)
PARSING_USER_ID NUMBER
PARSING_SCHEMA_ID NUMBER
KEPT_VERSIONS NUMBER
ADDRESS RAW(4)
HASH_VALUE NUMBER
MODULE VARCHAR2(64)
MODULE_HASH NUMBER
ACTION VARCHAR2(64)
ACTION_HASH NUMBER
SERIALIZABLE_ABORTS NUMBER
CPU_TIME NUMBER
ELAPSED_TIME NUMBER
IS_OBSOLETE VARCHAR2(1)
CHILD_LATCH NUMBER




v$sql ---------- 存储的是具体的SQL 和执行计划相关信息，实际上，v$sqlarea 可以看做 v$sql 根据 sqltext 等 做了 group by 之后的信息


SQL> desc v$sql
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
SQL_TEXT VARCHAR2(1000)
SHARABLE_MEM NUMBER
PERSISTENT_MEM NUMBER
RUNTIME_MEM NUMBER
SORTS NUMBER
LOADED_VERSIONS NUMBER
OPEN_VERSIONS NUMBER
USERS_OPENING NUMBER
FETCHES NUMBER
EXECUTIONS NUMBER
USERS_EXECUTING NUMBER
LOADS NUMBER
FIRST_LOAD_TIME VARCHAR2(38)
INVALIDATIONS NUMBER
PARSE_CALLS NUMBER
DISK_READS NUMBER
BUFFER_GETS NUMBER
ROWS_PROCESSED NUMBER
COMMAND_TYPE NUMBER
OPTIMIZER_MODE VARCHAR2(10)
OPTIMIZER_COST NUMBER
PARSING_USER_ID NUMBER
PARSING_SCHEMA_ID NUMBER
KEPT_VERSIONS NUMBER
ADDRESS RAW(4)
TYPE_CHK_HEAP RAW(4)
HASH_VALUE NUMBER
PLAN_HASH_VALUE NUMBER
CHILD_NUMBER NUMBER ---------- 注意这个
MODULE VARCHAR2(64)
MODULE_HASH NUMBER
ACTION VARCHAR2(64)
ACTION_HASH NUMBER
SERIALIZABLE_ABORTS NUMBER
OUTLINE_CATEGORY VARCHAR2(64)
CPU_TIME NUMBER
ELAPSED_TIME NUMBER
OUTLINE_SID NUMBER -------------- 注意这里跟 outline 有关
CHILD_ADDRESS RAW(4)
SQLTYPE NUMBER
REMOTE VARCHAR2(1)
OBJECT_STATUS VARCHAR2(19)
LITERAL_HASH_VALUE NUMBER
LAST_LOAD_TIME VARCHAR2(38)
IS_OBSOLETE VARCHAR2(1)
CHILD_LATCH NUMBER


另外注意这个
QL> desc v$sql_plan
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ADDRESS RAW(4)
HASH_VALUE NUMBER
CHILD_NUMBER NUMBER ------------ 注意这个和 v$sql 里面的相同字段
OPERATION VARCHAR2(60)
OPTIONS VARCHAR2(60)
OBJECT_NODE VARCHAR2(20)
OBJECT# NUMBER
OBJECT_OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(64)
OPTIMIZER VARCHAR2(40)
ID NUMBER
PARENT_ID NUMBER
DEPTH NUMBER
POSITION NUMBER
SEARCH_COLUMNS NUMBER
COST NUMBER
CARDINALITY NUMBER
BYTES NUMBER
OTHER_TAG VARCHAR2(70)
PARTITION_START VARCHAR2(10)
PARTITION_STOP VARCHAR2(10)
PARTITION_ID NUMBER
OTHER VARCHAR2(4000)
DISTRIBUTION VARCHAR2(40)
CPU_COST NUMBER
IO_COST NUMBER
TEMP_SPACE NUMBER
ACCESS_PREDICATES VARCHAR2(4000)
FILTER_PREDICATES VARCHAR2(4000)


实际上，看起来同样的一句SQL ，往往具有不同的执行计划
如果是不同的数据库用户，那么相应的涉及的 对象 可能都不一样，注意v$sql 中
OBJECT# NUMBER
OBJECT_OWNER VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(64)
OPTIMIZER VARCHAR2(40)

即使是相同的数据库用户，若 session 的优化模式、session 级的参数 等不一样，执行计划也能不同。所以即使相同的sql，也可能具有不同的执行计划！

v$sql join to v$sql_plan 就代表了具体的sql的执行计划,通过下面3个字段做连接

ADDRESS RAW(4)
HASH_VALUE NUMBER
CHILD_NUMBER NUMBER


而v$SQLAREA 忽略了 执行计划 等差异，只是在形式上sql文本看起来一样！相当于做了个聚合，是多个不同执行计划的sql的聚合和累计信息

补充：

1、查一下这些视图的定义你就能理解，它们的源都是一个。
SELECT view_definition FROM v$fixed_view_definition WHERE view_name='GV$SQL';
SELECT view_definition FROM v$fixed_view_definition WHERE view_name='GV$SQL_AREA';

2、实际上最模糊的是v$sql与v$sqlarea,区别与联系除biti说的还有：

a、v$sql_area相当于是按INST_ID, KGLNAOBJ, KGLHDPAR, KGLNAHSH, KGLNATIM, GLOBTS0,GLOBT19, KGLOBTS1, KGLOBT20,DECODE(KGLOBT33, 1, 'Y', 'N'),KGLHDCLT这些列的自v$sql的group by，也就是说v$sql的每一行表示的是每一个sql语句的一个versiion，而v$sqlarea存放的是相同语句不同version一个汇总。

b、 v$sql与v$sqlarea的源都是一个：X$KGLCURSOR

c、实际调优中建议使用v$sql,相对来说比v$sqlarea快，而且还不会产生share pool latch的争用。

3、因v$sql及v$sqlarea存放着统计信息在调优时使用居多，但其sql是不全的，如果想获得完整的sql就要用v$sqltext了。